- The Astronomy across time.
- Dimensions and distances in Astronomy.
- Galaxies and clusters. The Milky Way and the Local Group.
- The Stars and the constellations.
- The Solar System: the Sun, the planets, the dwarf planets and the SSSBs.
- The movements of the Earth and their effects.
- The Moon and its phases.
- The eclipses.
- The Ecosphere.
- Matter, quantities, measuring devices and the International System of Units.
- Mass, volume, density and temperature.
- Pure substances, homogeneous mixtures and heterogeneous mixtures.
- Separation of mixtures: sieving, decanting, filtering and distilling.
- The particle theory. Atoms, molecules and crystals.
- Chemical elements. The Periodic Table. Chemical symbols, atomic number, atomic mass.
- Chemical compounds. Molecular formulas and structural representations of molecules.
- The properties of solids, liquids and gases explained through the particle theory.
- The changes of state explained through the particle theory.
- Expansion and contraction by heat explained through the particle theory.
- Origin, evolution and composition of the Earth's atmosphere.
- Structure of the Earth's atmosphere.
- Air pressure.
- Weather: types of clouds, cyclones, anticyclones, wind and precipitations.
- The water in the Earth: occurrence, water bodies, natural aqueous mixtures vs. distilled water, continental waters vs. marine waters.
- The water cycle and its reservoirs.
- Seawater movements.
- The molecule of water.
- The density of water.
- Water and life: the roles of water in living beings and the adaptations of living beings with regards to water.
- Structure of the Geosphere.
- Earth's crust: types and composition.
- Minerals: concept, occurrence and properties.
- Rocks: rock cycle, main types and uses.
- Vital functions.
- Bioelements and biomolecules.
- Cells: structure, main types, vital functions, discovery; the cellular theory; unicellular and multicellular beings.
- Levels of organisation in multicellular beings.
- Classification of living beings: morphological criteria vs. kinship; the five kingdoms; taxonomical categories.
- Prokaryotes: bacteria: occurrence, diversity (ecology, nutrition), cyanbacteria, how they affect human life.
- Protozoa: common features, differences with animals; diversity.
- Algae: common features, differences with plants; diversity.
- Fungi: common features, differences with plants and animals; diversity; classification; anatomy of mushrooms; common mushrooms.
- Common features.
- Main morphological types.
- Main organs.
- Main groups: bryophytes, pterydophytes, gymnosperms and angiosperms.
- Nutrition: photosynthesis vs. respiration; role in the carbon cycle.
- Basic interaction mechanisms.
- Reproduction in angiosperms.
- Common features.
- Nutrition: type, systems of organs involved, role in the carbon cycle.
- Basic interaction mechanisms.
- Kinds of reproduction: asexual and sexual.
- Main groups of invertebrates: sponges, cnidarians, annelids, molluscs, arthropods and equinoderms.
- Main groups of vertebrates: fishes, amphibians, reptiles, birds and mammals.